Each execution of a @RepeatedTest is treated as a full test invocation in JUnit 5. This means lifecycle callbacks are applied consistently for every repetition.

Why Lifecycle Awareness Is Critical

State leakage between repetitions can lead to misleading test results. JUnit 5 ensures that @BeforeEach and @AfterEach run before and after every repetition, while @BeforeAll and @AfterAll still execute only once per class.

Example

package com.logicbig.example;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.*;

public class RepeatedTestLifecycleTest {

    @BeforeAll
    static void beforeAll() {
        System.out.println("before all");
    }

    @BeforeEach
    void beforeEach() {
        System.out.println("before each");
    }

    @RepeatedTest(2)
    void retryOperation() {
        System.out.println("run");
    }

    @AfterEach
    void afterEach() {
        System.out.println("after each");
    }

    @AfterAll
    static void afterAll() {
        System.out.println("after all");
    }
}

Output

$ mvn test -Dtest=RepeatedTestLifecycleTest
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] 
[INFO] --< com.logicbig.example:junit-5-repeated-test-lifecycle-interaction >--
[INFO] Building junit-5-repeated-test-lifecycle-interaction 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO]   from pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- resources:3.3.1:resources (default-resources) @ junit-5-repeated-test-lifecycle-interaction ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\example-projects\junit-5\junit-5-repeated-tests\junit-5-repeated-test-lifecycle-interaction\src\main\resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- compiler:3.11.0:compile (default-compile) @ junit-5-repeated-test-lifecycle-interaction ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- resources:3.3.1:testResources (default-testResources) @ junit-5-repeated-test-lifecycle-interaction ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\example-projects\junit-5\junit-5-repeated-tests\junit-5-repeated-test-lifecycle-interaction\src\test\resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- compiler:3.11.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ junit-5-repeated-test-lifecycle-interaction ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module! :input tree
[WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding Cp1252, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file with javac [debug target 17] to target\test-classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- surefire:3.5.0:test (default-test) @ junit-5-repeated-test-lifecycle-interaction ---
[INFO] Using auto detected provider org.apache.maven.surefire.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformProvider
[INFO] 
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]  T E S T S
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
before all
before each
run
after each
before each
run
after each
after all
[INFO] +--com.logicbig.example.RepeatedTestLifecycleTest - 0.108 ss
[INFO] |  +-- [OK] retryOperation() repetition 1 of 2 - 0.035 ss
[INFO] |  '-- [OK] retryOperation() repetition 2 of 2 - 0.003 ss
[INFO] 
[INFO] Results:
[INFO] 
[INFO] Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
[INFO] 
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  3.876 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2025-12-27T08:46:48+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

Output Analysis

The output demonstrates that @BeforeEach and @AfterEach methods are executed for every repetition, confirming that each run is isolated from the others. This behavior is essential when validating retry logic, flaky integrations, or scenarios where a single failure must not influence subsequent repetitions.

Example Project

Dependencies and Technologies Used:

• junit-jupiter-engine 6.0.1 (Module "junit-jupiter-engine" of JUnit)
   Version Compatibility: 5.0.0 - 6.0.1Version List
  ×

  Version compatibilities of junit-jupiter-engine with this example:

  • 5.0.0
  • 5.0.1
  • 5.0.2
  • 5.0.3
  • 5.1.0
  • 5.1.1
  • 5.2.0
  • 5.3.0
  • 5.3.1
  • 5.3.2
  • 5.4.0
  • 5.4.1
  • 5.4.2
  • 5.5.0
  • 5.5.1
  • 5.5.2
  • 5.6.0
  • 5.6.1
  • 5.6.2
  • 5.6.3
  • 5.7.0
  • 5.7.1
  • 5.7.2
  • 5.8.0
  • 5.8.1
  • 5.8.2
  • 5.9.0
  • 5.9.1
  • 5.9.2
  • 5.9.3
  • 5.10.0
  • 5.10.1
  • 5.10.2
  • 5.10.3
  • 5.10.4
  • 5.10.5
  • 5.11.0
  • 5.11.1
  • 5.11.2
  • 5.11.3
  • 5.11.4
  • 5.12.0
  • 5.12.1
  • 5.12.2
  • 5.13.0
  • 5.13.1
  • 5.13.2
  • 5.13.3
  • 5.13.4
  • 5.14.0
  • 5.14.1
  • 6.0.0
  • 6.0.1

  Versions in green have been tested.

• JDK 25
• Maven 3.9.11