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Spring Framework - @Configuration Examples

Spring Framework

Configuration is so-called JavaConfig way of registering and configuring bean rather than using xml configuration. Followings are different code snippets, mostly taken from our tutorials sections which demonstrate the use of @Configuration annotation along with other companion annotations used on @Bean methods or @Component classes.

@Configuration
public class AppRunner {

    @Bean
    public HelloWorldService createHelloWorldService() {
        return new HelloWorldServiceImpl();
    }

    @Bean
    public HelloWorldServiceClient createClient() {
        return new HelloWorldServiceClient();
    }

    public static void main(String... strings) {

        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppRunner.class);
        HelloWorldServiceClient bean = context.getBean(HelloWorldServiceClient.class);
        bean.showMessage();

    }
}

Using @DependsOn to pre initialize dependent beans first to avoid some side effects. These dependent beans are not directly injected in this bean but are still needed to be initialize first to avoid some side effect e.g. in publisher/listener pattern the dependent listeners bean might miss some events publish by this event publisher bean.

@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.logicbig.example")
public class AppConfig {

    @Bean
    @DependsOn("eventListenerBean")
    public EventPublisher eventPublisherBean() {
        return new EventPublisher();
    }

    @Bean
    public EventListener eventListenerBean() {
        return new EventListener();
    }

    @Bean
    public EventManager eventManagerBean() {
        return new EventManager();
    }

    public static void main(String... strings) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class);
        context.close();

    }
}

@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.logicbig.example.bean")
public class AppConfig {

    public static void main(String... strings) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context =
                new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class);
        System.out.println("-- Spring container started and is ready --");
        MyPrototypeBean bean = context.getBean(MyPrototypeBean.class);
        bean.doSomething();
    }
}

@Configuration
public class AppConfig {

    @Bean
    @Scope(ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE)
    public MyPrototypeBean prototypeBean() {
        return new MyPrototypeBean();
    }

    @Bean
    public MySingletonBean singletonBean() {
        return new MySingletonBean();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context =
                new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class);
        MySingletonBean bean = context.getBean(MySingletonBean.class);
        bean.showMessage();
        Thread.sleep(1000);

        bean = context.getBean(MySingletonBean.class);
        bean.showMessage();
    }
}

@Configuration
public class AppConfig {

    @Bean
    @Scope(ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE)
    public MyPrototypeBean prototypeBean() {
        return new MyPrototypeBean();
    }

    @Bean
    public MySingletonBean singletonBean() {
        return new MySingletonBean();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context =
                new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class);
        MySingletonBean bean = context.getBean(MySingletonBean.class);
        bean.showMessage();
        Thread.sleep(1000);

        bean = context.getBean(MySingletonBean.class);
        bean.showMessage();
    }
}

Using bean name to avoid ambiguity.

@Configuration
public class AppRunner {

    @Bean(name = "OrderServiceA")
    public OrderService orderServiceByProvider1() {
        return new OrderServiceImpl1();
    }

    @Bean(name = "OrderServiceB")
    public OrderService orderServiceByProvider2() {
        return new OrderServiceImpl2();
    }

    @Bean
    public OrderServiceClient createClient() {
        return new OrderServiceClient();
    }

    public static void main(String... strings) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppRunner.class);
        OrderServiceClient bean = context.getBean(OrderServiceClient.class);
        bean.showPendingOrderDetails();
    }
}

@Configuration
public class AppRunner {

    @Bean(name = "OrderServiceA")
    public OrderService orderServiceByProvider1() {
        return new OrderServiceImpl1();
    }

    @Bean(name = "OrderServiceB")
    public OrderService orderServiceByProvider2() {
        return new OrderServiceImpl2();
    }

    @Bean
    public OrderServiceClient createClient() {
        return new OrderServiceClient();
    }

    public static void main(String... strings) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppRunner.class);
        OrderServiceClient bean = context.getBean(OrderServiceClient.class);
        bean.showPendingOrderDetails();
    }
}

Setter based DI.

@Configuration
public class SetterBasedDI {

    @Bean
    public OrderService orderService() {
        return new OrderService();
    }

    @Bean
    public OrderServiceClient orderServiceClient() {
        return new OrderServiceClient();
    }

    public static void main(String... strings) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(
                SetterBasedDI.class);
        OrderServiceClient bean = context.getBean(OrderServiceClient.class);
        bean.showPendingOrderDetails();
    }


    private static class OrderServiceClient {

        private OrderService orderService;

        @Autowired
        public void setOrderService(OrderService orderService) {
            this.orderService = orderService;
        }

        public void showPendingOrderDetails() {
            System.out.println(orderService.getOrderDetails("200"));
        }
    }
}

Field based DI.

@Configuration
public class FieldBasedDI {

    @Bean
    public OrderService orderService() {
        return new OrderService();
    }

    @Bean
    public OrderServiceClient orderServiceClient() {
        return new OrderServiceClient();
    }

    public static void main(String... strings) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(
                FieldBasedDI.class);
        OrderServiceClient bean = context.getBean(OrderServiceClient.class);
        bean.showPendingOrderDetails();
    }

    private static class OrderServiceClient {

        @Autowired
        private OrderService orderService;

        public void showPendingOrderDetails() {
            System.out.println(orderService.getOrderDetails("300"));
        }
    }
}

@Configuration
@ComponentScan
public class AppRunner {

    public static void main(String... strings) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppRunner.class);
        OrderServiceClient bean = context.getBean(OrderServiceClient.class);
        bean.showPendingOrderDetails();
    }
}

@Configuration
public class AppConfig {

    @Bean
    public AlwaysBeingUsedBean alwaysBeingUsedBean() {
        return new AlwaysBeingUsedBean();
    }

    @Bean
    @Lazy
    public RarelyUsedBean rarelyUsedBean() {
        return new RarelyUsedBean();
    }

    public static void main(String... strings) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context =
                new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class);
        System.out.println("Spring container started and is ready");
        RarelyUsedBean bean = context.getBean(RarelyUsedBean.class);
        bean.doSomething();
    }
}

Using @Scope on a configuration method. This annotation specifies the scope name to be used by the container. Depending on the scope, Spring creates new bean or uses cached bean every time it's accessed by the client. On Spring core framework level, the scope can be singleton or It could be prototype.
Scope valid constants.

@Configuration
public class Config {

    @Bean
    public UserRegistrationValidator validator () {
        return new UserRegistrationValidator();
    }

    @Bean
    public RegistrationService registrationService () {
        return new RegistrationServiceImpl();
    }

    @Scope(ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE)
    @Bean
    public UserRegistrationBean userRegistrationBean () {
        return new UserRegistrationBeanImpl();
    }
}

Constructor based DI.

@Configuration
public class ConstBasedDI {

    @Bean
    public OrderService orderService() {
        return new OrderService();
    }

    @Bean
    public OrderServiceClient orderServiceClient() {
        return new OrderServiceClient(orderService());
    }

    public static void main(String... strings) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(
                ConstBasedDI.class);
        OrderServiceClient bean = context.getBean(OrderServiceClient.class);
        bean.showPendingOrderDetails();
    }

    private static class OrderServiceClient {

        private OrderService orderService;

        // @Autowired is not needed
        OrderServiceClient(OrderService orderService) {
            this.orderService = orderService;
        }

        public void showPendingOrderDetails() {
            System.out.println(orderService.getOrderDetails("100"));
        }
    }
}

This example shows how to use Java based configuration for array injection and ordering the array using @Order annotation.

@Configuration
public class ArrayInjectOrderExample {

    @Bean
    public TestBean testBean () {
        return new TestBean();
    }

    @Bean
    @Order(3)
    public String refString () {
        return "my string 1";
    }

    @Bean
    @Order(1)
    public String refString2 () {
        return "my string 2";
    }

    @Bean
    @Order(2)
    public String refString3 () {
        return "my string 3";
    }

    public static void main (String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context =
                            new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(
                                                ArrayInjectOrderExample.class);

        TestBean bean = context.getBean(TestBean.class);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(bean.getStringArray()));
    }

    private static class TestBean {
        private String[] stringArray;

        @Autowired
        public void setStringArray (String[] stringArray) {
            this.stringArray = stringArray;
        }

        public String[] getStringArray () {
            return stringArray;
        }
    }
}

Using Qualifier to avoid ambiguity.

@Configuration
public class AppRunner2 {

    @Bean
    @Qualifier("OrderServiceA")
    public OrderService orderServiceByProvider1() {
        return new OrderServiceImpl1();
    }

    @Bean(name = "OrderServiceB")
    public OrderService orderServiceByProvider2() {
        return new OrderServiceImpl2();
    }

    @Bean
    public OrderServiceClient createClient() {
        return new OrderServiceClient();
    }

    public static void main(String... strings) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppRunner2.class);
        OrderServiceClient bean = context.getBean(OrderServiceClient.class);
        bean.showPendingOrderDetails();
    }
}

These examples show the different scenarios where a @Configuration class contains @Bean methods with parameters depending on other registered bean instances.

public class BeanA {
    private String name;

    public BeanA(String name){
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "BeanA{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

public class BeanB {
    private BeanA beanA;

    BeanB (BeanA beanA) {
        this.beanA = beanA;
    }

    public BeanA getBeanA () {
        return beanA;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "BeanB{" +
                "beanA=" + beanA +
                '}';
    }
}

public class BeanC {
    private String name;

    public BeanC(String name){
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "BeanC{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

If there's only one type registered for the target injection point parameter then the dependency is resolved by just type.

import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

public class InjectParameterByType {

    public static void main (String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context =
                            new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(
                                                Config.class);
        BeanB beanB = context.getBean(BeanB.class);
        System.out.println("In the main method: " + beanB.getBeanA());
    }

    @Configuration
    public static class Config {

        @Bean
        public BeanA bean1 () {
            return new BeanA("a1");
        }

        @Bean
        public BeanB bean2 (BeanA theBean) {
            BeanB beanB = new BeanB(theBean);
            System.out.println("method bean2: beanB created = " + beanB +
                                "\n with constructor param BeanA = " + theBean);

            return beanB;
        }
    }
}

Output

method bean2: beanB created = BeanB{beanA=BeanA{name='a1'}}
 with constructor param BeanA = BeanA{name='a1'}
In the main method: BeanA{name='a1'}

In case if there are more than one bean instances of same type available then we can resolve that with bean's name. In this example the method bean1() registers the BeanA instance with name same as method's name, i.e. 'bean1' which matches the parameter name of bean3(..). Spring always matches the type first before attempting to apply some other additional strategy.

public class InjectParameterByName {

    public static void main (String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context =
                            new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(
                                                Config.class);
        BeanB beanB = context.getBean(BeanB.class);
        System.out.println("In the main method: " + beanB.getBeanA());
    }

    @Configuration
    public static class Config {

        @Bean
        public BeanA bean1 () {
            return new BeanA("a1");
        }

        @Bean
        public BeanA bean2 () {
            return new BeanA("a2");
        }

        @Bean
        public BeanB bean3 (BeanA bean1) {
            BeanB beanB = new BeanB(bean1);
            System.out.println("method bean3: beanB created = " + beanB +
                                "\n with constructor param BeanA: " + bean1);

            return beanB;
        }
    }
}

Output

method bean3: beanB created = BeanB{beanA=BeanA{name='a1'}}
 with constructor param BeanA: BeanA{name='a1'}
In the main method: BeanA{name='a1'}

In this example the dependency is resolve with an explicit use of @Qualifier on both sides.

public class InjectParameterByQualifier {

    public static void main (String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context =
                            new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(
                                                Config.class);
        BeanB beanB = context.getBean(BeanB.class);
        System.out.println("In the main method: " + beanB.getBeanA());
    }

    @Configuration
    public static class Config {

        @Bean
        public BeanA bean1 () {
            return new BeanA("a1");
        }

        @Qualifier("myBean")
        @Bean
        public BeanA bean2 () {
            return new BeanA("a2");
        }

        @Bean
        public BeanB bean3 (@Qualifier("myBean") BeanA theBean) {
            BeanB beanB = new BeanB(theBean);
            System.out.println("method bean3: beanB created = " + beanB +
                                "\n with constructor param BeanA = " + theBean);

            return beanB;
        }
    }
}

Output

method bean3: beanB created = BeanB{beanA=BeanA{name='a2'}}
 with constructor param BeanA = BeanA{name='a2'}
In the main method: BeanA{name='a2'}

In this example dependency is resolved by matching bean's name of the bean's provider method with target injection point parameter's @Qualifier. Note that opposite is not possible, i.e. we cannot match a @Qualifier of provider's method with target injection point parameter's name.

public class InjectParameterByQualifier2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context =
                new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(
                        Config.class);
        BeanB beanB = context.getBean(BeanB.class);
        System.out.println("In the main method: " + beanB.getBeanA());
    }

    @Configuration
    public static class Config {

        @Bean
        public BeanA bean1() {
            return new BeanA("a1");
        }

        @Bean
        public BeanA bean2() {
            return new BeanA("a2");
        }

        @Bean
        public BeanB bean3(@Qualifier("bean2") BeanA theBean) {
            BeanB beanB = new BeanB(theBean);
            System.out.println("method bean3: beanB created = " + beanB +
                    "\n with constructor param BeanA = " + theBean);

            return beanB;
        }
    }
}

Output

method bean3: beanB created = BeanB{beanA=BeanA{name='a2'}}
 with constructor param BeanA = BeanA{name='a2'}
In the main method: BeanA{name='a2'}

This example demonstrates multiple @Qualifier matches on both sides.

public class InjectParameterByQualifier3 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context =
                new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(
                        Config.class);
        BeanB beanB = context.getBean(BeanB.class);
        System.out.println("In the main method: " + beanB.getBeanA());
    }

    @Configuration
    public static class Config {

        @Bean
        public BeanA bean1() {
            return new BeanA("a1");
        }

        @Bean
        @Qualifier("myBean")
        public BeanA bean2() {
            return new BeanA("a2");
        }

        @Bean
        public BeanC bean3() {
            return new BeanC("c1");
        }

        @Bean
        @Qualifier("myBean2")
        public BeanC bean4() {
            return new BeanC("c2");
        }

        @Bean
        public BeanB bean5(@Qualifier("myBean") BeanA theBean,
                           @Qualifier("myBean2") BeanC theBean2) {
            BeanB beanB = new BeanB(theBean);
            System.out.println("method bean5: beanB created = " + beanB +
                    "\n with constructor param of type BeanA= " + theBean);
            System.out.println("method bean5: theBean2 instance (can also be in as constructor " +
                    "arg or some " +
                    "other way): " + theBean2);

            return beanB;
        }
    }
}

Output

method bean5: beanB created = BeanB{beanA=BeanA{name='a2'}}
 with constructor param of type BeanA= BeanA{name='a2'}
method bean5: theBean2 instance (can also be in as constructor arg or some other way): BeanC{name='c2'}
In the main method: BeanA{name='a2'}

This example shows, how to use @Conditional to selectively include/exclude beans from registration.

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Conditional;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class AppConfig {
    @Bean
    @Conditional(LocaleConditionUSA.class)
    public MyService myBeanA () {
        return new MyServiceA();
    }

    @Bean
    @Conditional(LocaleConditionCanada.class)
    public MyService myBeanB () {
        return new MyServiceB();
    }

    @Bean
    public ClientBean clientBean () {
        return new ClientBean();
    }
}

This example demonstrates how to inject a class annotated with @Configuration in another class by using @Autowired

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class AppConfig {
    @Autowired
    private DataSourceConfig dataSourceConfig;

    @Bean
    Client clientBean() {
        return new Client(dataSourceConfig.dataSourceBean());
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context =
                new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class, DataSourceConfig.class);
        context.getBean(Client.class).showData();
    }
}

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class DataSourceConfig {
    @Bean
    DataSourceBean dataSourceBean() {
        return new DataSourceBean();
    }
}

class DataSourceBean {

    public String getData() {
        return "some data";
    }
}

public class Client {
    private DataSourceBean dataSourceBean;

    Client(DataSourceBean dataSourceBean) {
        this.dataSourceBean = dataSourceBean;
    }

    public void showData() {
        System.out.println(dataSourceBean.getData());
    }
}

Bootstrapping with multiple configuration classes

import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class AppConfig {

    @Bean
    Client clientBean() {
        return new Client();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context =
                new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class, DataSourceConfig.class);
        context.getBean(Client.class).showData();
    }
}

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class DataSourceConfig {
    @Bean
    DataSourceBean dataSourceBean() {
        return new DataSourceBean();
    }
}

class DataSourceBean {

    public String getData() {
        return "some app data";
    }
}

public class Client {
    @Autowired
    private DataSourceBean dataSourceBean;

    public void showData() {
        System.out.println(dataSourceBean.getData());
    }
}

Using autowiring mode Autowire.BY_NAME. We need to use @Autowired at the injection point. ServiceBean serviceBean1()

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowire;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

public class AutowireByName {

    public static void main (String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new
                            AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Config.class);
        ClientBean bean = context.getBean(ClientBean.class);
        bean.doSomething();
    }

    @Configuration
    public static class Config {

        @Bean(autowire = Autowire.BY_NAME)
        public ClientBean clientBean () {
            return new ClientBean();
        }

        @Bean
        public ServiceBean serviceBean1 () {
            return new ServiceBean("Service bean 1");
        }

        @Bean
        public ServiceBean serviceBean2 () {
            return new ServiceBean("Service bean 2");
        }
    }

    private static class ClientBean {
        @Autowired
        private ServiceBean serviceBean1;

        public void doSomething () {
            System.out.println(serviceBean1.getMsg());
        }
    }

    private static class ServiceBean {
        private String msg;

        public ServiceBean (String msg) {
            this.msg = msg;
        }

        public String getMsg () {
            return msg;
        }
    }
}

Output

Service bean 1

Using @Bean element with autowire=Autowire.BY_NAME.

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowire;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * In this example we are explicitly giving the bean a name by using @Bean(name =....)
 */
public class AutowireByName2 {

    public static void main (String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new
                            AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Config.class);
        ClientBean bean = context.getBean(ClientBean.class);
        bean.doSomething();
    }

    @Configuration
    public static class Config {

        @Bean(autowire = Autowire.BY_NAME)
        public ClientBean clientBean () {
            return new ClientBean();
        }

        @Bean(name = "someOtherServiceBean")
        public ServiceBean serviceBean1 () {
            return new ServiceBean("Service bean 1");
        }

        @Bean
        public ServiceBean serviceBean2 () {
            return new ServiceBean("Service bean 2");
        }
    }

    private static class ClientBean {
        private ServiceBean someOtherServiceBean;

        @Autowired
        public void setSomeOtherServiceBean (ServiceBean serviceBean) {
            this.someOtherServiceBean = serviceBean;
        }

        public void doSomething () {
            System.out.println(someOtherServiceBean.getMsg());
        }
    }

    private static class ServiceBean {
        private String msg;

        public ServiceBean (String msg) {
            this.msg = msg;
        }

        public String getMsg () {
            return msg;
        }
    }
}

Output

Service bean 1

Using @Bean element with autowire=Autowire.BY_NAME.

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowire;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * In this example we are explicitly giving the bean a name by using @Bean(name =....)
 */
public class AutowireByName3 {

    public static void main (String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new
                            AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Config.class);
        ClientBean bean = context.getBean(ClientBean.class);
        bean.doSomething();
    }

    @Configuration
    public static class Config {

        @Bean(autowire = Autowire.BY_NAME)
        public ClientBean clientBean () {
            return new ClientBean();
        }

        @Bean
        public ServiceBean serviceBean1 () {
            return new ServiceBean("Service bean 1");
        }

        @Bean(name = "myService")
        public ServiceBean serviceBean2 () {
            return new ServiceBean("Service bean 2");
        }
    }

    private static class ClientBean {
        private ServiceBean serviceBean;

        @Autowired
        @Qualifier("myService")
        public void setServiceBean(ServiceBean serviceBean) {
            this.serviceBean = serviceBean;
        }

        public void doSomething () {
            System.out.println(serviceBean.getMsg());
        }
    }

    private static class ServiceBean {
        private String msg;

        public ServiceBean (String msg) {
            this.msg = msg;
        }

        public String getMsg () {
            return msg;
        }
    }
}

Output

Service bean 2

Using @Bean element with autowire=Autowire.BY_NAME.

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowire;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * In this example we are explicitly giving the bean a name by using @Bean(name =....)
 */
public class AutowireByName4 {

    public static void main (String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new
                            AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Config.class);
        ClientBean bean = context.getBean(ClientBean.class);
        bean.doSomething();
    }

    @Configuration
    public static class Config {

        @Bean(autowire = Autowire.BY_NAME)
        public ClientBean clientBean () {
            return new ClientBean();
        }

        @Bean
        public ServiceBean serviceBean1 () {
            return new ServiceBean("Service bean 1");
        }

        @Bean
        @Qualifier("myService")
        public ServiceBean serviceBean2 () {
            return new ServiceBean("Service bean 2");
        }
    }

    private static class ClientBean {
        private ServiceBean serviceBean;

        @Autowired
        @Qualifier("myService")
        public void setServiceBean(ServiceBean serviceBean) {
            this.serviceBean = serviceBean;
        }

        public void doSomething () {
            System.out.println(serviceBean.getMsg());
        }
    }

    private static class ServiceBean {
        private String msg;

        public ServiceBean (String msg) {
            this.msg = msg;
        }

        public String getMsg () {
            return msg;
        }
    }
}

Output

Service bean 2

Constructor based DI with @Autowired and @Qualifier.

@Configuration
@ComponentScan({"com.logicbig.example.scan"})
public class ConstBasedDIWithScan {

    @Bean
    public OrderService orderService() {
        return new OrderService();
    }

    public static void main(String... strings) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(
                ConstBasedDIWithScan.class);
        OrderServiceClient bean = context.getBean(OrderServiceClient.class);
        bean.showPendingOrderDetails();
    }

    @Component
    public static class OrderServiceClient {

        private OrderService orderService;

        @Autowired
        OrderServiceClient(OrderService orderService) {
            this.orderService = orderService;
        }

        public void showPendingOrderDetails() {
            System.out.println(orderService.getOrderDetails("500"));
        }
    }
}

@Configuration
@ComponentScan
public class AppRunner {
    private Greeter greeter;

    public AppRunner(Greeter greeter) {
        this.greeter = greeter;
    }

    public static void main(String... strings) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context =
                new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppRunner.class);

        AppRunner appRunner = context.getBean(AppRunner.class);
        appRunner.greeter.greet("Joe");
    }
}

@Configuration
public class AppConfig {

    @Bean
    @Scope(ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE)
    public MyPrototypeBean prototypeBean() {
        return new MyPrototypeBean();
    }

    @Bean
    public MySingletonBean singletonBean() {
        return new MySingletonBean();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context =
                new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class);
        MySingletonBean bean = context.getBean(MySingletonBean.class);
        bean.showMessage();
        Thread.sleep(1000);

        bean = context.getBean(MySingletonBean.class);
        bean.showMessage();
    }
}

See Also